Authors: MR.PANKAJ RAJPUT
Abstract

The $20.81 trillion U.S. economy relies on a vast infrastructure network to thrive; however, empirical studies that examined that impact of infrastructure on economic growth in the U.S. are limited. This study’s principal objective was to examine the effect of railway lines on economic growth using annual data from 1980 to 2016 and cointegration analysis. The results showed a positive and significant impact of railway lines on economic growth in the long-run and short-run. The impulse response analysis indicates that shocks to railway lines initially cause GDP growth rates to increase and decrease continuously. The variance decomposition analysis also suggests that overtime, railway lines contribute largely to the variations in economic growth followed by inflation and population. This study’s outcome has important implications not only for the U.S. economy but also for developing and emerging countries. The results suggest that railway lines investments matter for economic growth in the U.S

Keywords: economic growth, railway lines, VECM, United States

Authors: MISS.SUMAN
Abstract

Numerous theoretical and empiric studies investigate the correlation between education and human capital and economic development. Full affirmation of knowledge and the role of education in stimulating economic growth were provided by endogenous theory. The subject of this paper is to analyse the correlation between education and educational system and the economic growth of the Western Balkans countries (WB). The hypothesis of this work says that: education and educational system in the WB affect the growth of GDP per capita. A better education system stimulates and accelerates the economic growth and development. The aim of this research is to prove that an optimal education system stimulates the growth and development in each observed national economy. In this paper, the results of the correlation analysis indicate high compliance of higher education with GDP per capita i.e. higher education population is particularly important for the level of development whereas there is a highly compliant but inverse relation of the population with informal level of education and economic development in the WB countries.

Keywords: Education, educational structure, economic growth, development, the Western Balkans